What is denim fabric and its types?
Definition of "denim":
Denim is a strong cotton twill weave in which the weft yarn passes under two or more warp yarns. Denim is structurally stronger than regular trousers due to the expected use of thicker yarn counts and the heavy GSM of the fabric. Denim is a strong cotton warp fabric in which the weft yarn passes under two or more warp yarns. This twill weave produces a diagonal rib effect. This type of dyeing also creates the fading properties of denim that are unique compared to any other textile.
The name "denim" is derived from the French serge de Nimes, meaning "serge from Nimes". Denim is traditionally dyed blue with indigo dye to make blue jeans, although "jeans" used to mean a different, lighter cotton fabric. The modern usage of the word "jeans" comes from the French word for Genoa (Genes), Italy, where the first pair of denim trousers were made.
Characteristics of denim fabric:
It is suitable for long time wearing.
It is very wearable.
It is very strong and durable.
it resists obstacles and tears
It wrinkles easily.
The warp is colored (usually indigo, vat, blue or sulfur black).
Construction: right or left hand twill, i.e. z/s twill in 2/1 or 3/1 construction.
Usually made from coarser cotton yarns (7s, 10s, 14s, 16s, etc.)
Thicker fabric (weights between 6-14 oz/sq. yd.), used for pants and thermal jackets.
Typically rotor-spun yarn is used.
Classification of denim fabrics:
By weight/unit area.
Lightweight: 4.7 to 8 oz/square yard
Medium Weight: 8 to 11 oz/square yard
Large weight: 12 and up.
According to tone and color.
Indigo vat
Sulfur black.
pigment.
According to slub yarn:
Warp yarns are rovings only.
The weft is slub only.
Cross Hatch: Two-way slub, that is, both warp and weft are slub.
Depending on fabric construction/design:
clearly.
Twill (S-twill, Z-twill, herringbone or zigzag twill)
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